Nigute ushobora kwishyuza imodoka yamashanyarazi mubwongereza?

Kwishyuza imodoka yamashanyarazi biroroshye kuruta uko wabitekereza, kandi biroroshye kandi byoroshye. Biracyasaba igenamigambi rito ugereranije na mashini gakondo yaka imbere yimashini, cyane cyane murugendo rurerure, ariko uko urusobe rwumuriro rugenda rwiyongera hamwe na bateri yimodoka yiyongera, ntushobora kandi gufatwa gake.

Hariho uburyo butatu bwingenzi bwo kwishyuza EV yawe - murugo, kukazi cyangwa gukoresha ahantu rusange. Kubona imwe muri ziriya chargeri ntabwo bigoye, hamwe na EV nyinshi zirimo sat-nav hamwe nimbuga zateguwe, wongeyeho porogaramu za terefone zigendanwa nka ZapMap ikwereka aho ziri ninde uyikoresha.

Kurangiza, aho nigihe wishyuza biterwa nuburyo ukoresha imodoka. Ariko, niba EV ihuye nubuzima bwawe birashoboka ko ibyinshi mubyo kwishyuza bizakorerwa murugo ijoro ryose, hamwe na top-up gusa hejuru kumwanya wishyuza rusange mugihe uri hanze kandi hafi.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugirango wishyure imodoka y'amashanyarazi ? 

Uburebure butwara kugirango wishyure imodoka yawe ahanini iramanuka mubintu bitatu - ubunini bwa bateri yimodoka, ingano yumuriro w'amashanyarazi imodoka ishobora gukora n'umuvuduko wa charger. Ingano nimbaraga za paki ya batiri bigaragarira mumasaha ya kilowatt (kilowat), kandi uko umubare munini ugenda uba bateri, kandi bizatwara igihe kinini kugirango wuzuze selile.

Amashanyarazi atanga amashanyarazi muri kilowatts (kilowati), hamwe nibintu byose kuva 3kW kugeza 150kW bishoboka - uko umubare urenze umubare wihuta wo kwishyuza. Ibinyuranye, ibikoresho byihuta byishyurwa byihuse, mubisanzwe biboneka kuri serivise, birashobora kwiyongera kugeza 80% byamafaranga yuzuye mugihe cyigice cyisaha.

Ubwoko bwa charger

Hariho ubwoko butatu bwa charger - buhoro, bwihuse kandi bwihuse. Amashanyarazi gahoro kandi yihuse akoreshwa mumazu cyangwa kumyanya yo kwishyuza kumuhanda, mugihe kuri charger yihuse uzakenera gusura sitasiyo ya serivise cyangwa ahabigenewe kwishyurwa, nkibiri muri Milton Keynes. Bimwe bifatanye, bivuze ko nka pompe ya peteroli umugozi wometse hanyuma ugacomeka imodoka yawe, mugihe abandi bazagusaba gukoresha umugozi wawe bwite, uzakenera gutwara mumodoka. Dore ubuyobozi kuri buri:

①Buhoro buhoro

Mubisanzwe ni charger yo murugo ikoresha urugo rusanzwe rwimashini eshatu. Kwishyuza kuri 3kW gusa ubu buryo nibyiza kubicomeka mumashanyarazi avanze, ariko hamwe nubunini bwa bateri ushobora kwiyongera mugihe cyo kwishyuza amasaha agera kuri 24 kuri moderi nini nini ya EV nziza. Inyandiko zishaje zo kumuhanda zishaje nazo zitanga kuri iki gipimo, ariko inyinshi zarazamuwe kugirango zikore kuri 7kW zikoreshwa kuri charger zihuta. Hafi ya bose bakoresha ubuhuza Ubwoko bwa 2 babikesha amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi mu 2014 bahamagarira kuba icyuma gisanzwe cyo kwishyuza kuri EV zose z’i Burayi.

②Amashanyarazi yihuta

Mubisanzwe gutanga amashanyarazi hagati ya 7kW na 22kW, charger zihuta ziragenda zimenyekana mubwongereza, cyane cyane murugo. Azwi nka agasanduku k'urukuta, ibi bice mubisanzwe byishyura bigera kuri 22kW, bikagabanya igihe bifata kugirango wuzuze bateri kurenza kimwe cya kabiri. Yashyizwe muri garage yawe cyangwa kuri disiki yawe, ibi bice bizakenera gushyirwaho numuyagankuba.

Amashanyarazi yihuta rusange akunda kuba poste idafunze (ugomba rero kwibuka umugozi wawe), kandi mubisanzwe ushyirwa kumuhanda cyangwa muri parikingi yimodoka zubucuruzi cyangwa amahoteri. Uzakenera kwishyura mugihe ugiye muri ibi bice, wiyandikishije kuri konti hamwe nuwashinzwe kwishyuza cyangwa ukoresheje ikarita isanzwe ya banki idafite aho ihuriye.

Charg Amashanyarazi yihuta

Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, izi nizo zihuta kandi zikomeye. Mubisanzwe ukora ku kigero kiri hagati ya 43kW na 150kW, ibi bice birashobora gukora kuri Direct Current (DC) cyangwa Alternative Current (AC), kandi hamwe na hamwe birashobora kugarura 80 ku ijana ndetse n’umuriro wa batiri nini mu minota 20 gusa.

Mubisanzwe biboneka muri serivise zumuhanda cyangwa ahabigenewe kwishyiriraho, charger yihuta iratunganye mugihe utegura urugendo rurerure. Ibice 43kW AC ikoresha umuhuza wubwoko bwa 2, mugihe charger zose za DC zikoresha amashanyarazi manini ya Combined Charging Sisitemu (CCS) - nubwo imodoka zashyizwemo na CCS zishobora kwakira icyuma cya Type 2 kandi gishobora kwishyurwa gahoro gahoro.

Amashanyarazi menshi ya DC yihuta akora kuri 50kW, ariko haribindi byinshi bishobora kwishyuza hagati ya 100 na 150kW, mugihe Tesla ifite ibice 250kW. Nyamara n'iyi mibare itezwa imbere no kwishyuza sosiyete Ionity, yatangiye gusohora amashanyarazi ya 350kW ku mbuga nke zo mu Bwongereza. Ariko, ntabwo imodoka zose zishobora gukoresha ayo mafranga, reba rero igipimo moderi yawe ishoboye kwakira.

Ikarita ya RFID ni iki?

Kumenyekanisha RFID, cyangwa Radio-Frequency Identification iguha uburyo bwo kwishyuza rusange. Uzabona ikarita itandukanye na buri mutanga ingufu, wakenera guhanagura hejuru ya sensor kumurongo wishyuza kugirango ufungure umuhuza hanyuma wemerere amashanyarazi gutemba. Konti yawe noneho izishyurwa ningufu ukoresha kugirango uzamure bateri yawe. Nyamara, abatanga isoko benshi barimo gukuraho amakarita ya RFID kugirango bashyigikire porogaramu ya terefone cyangwa kwishyura amakarita ya banki adafite aho ahurira.